1. Define Network, Link and Node?
A network is a set of devices connected by physical media links. A network is recursively is a connection of two or more nodes by a physical link or two or more networks connected by one or more nodes.
2. What is a gateway or Router?
A node that is connected to two or more networks is commonly called as router or Gateway. It generally
forwards message from one network to another.
3. What is point-point link?
If the physical links are limited to a pair of nodes it is said to be point-point link.
4. What is subnet?
A generic term for section of a large networks usually separated by a bridge or router.
5. Difference between the communication and transmission.
Transmission is a physical movement of information and concern issues like bit polarity, synchronisation, clock
etc. Communication means the meaning full exchange of information between two communication media.
6. What are the advantages of Distributed Processing?
a. Security/Encapsulation
b. Distributed database
c. Faster Problem solving
d. Security through redundancy
e. Collaborative Processing
7. What is passive topology?
When the computers on the network simply listen and receive the signal, they are referred to as passive
because they don’t amplify the signal in any way. Example for passive topology - linear bus.
8. What are the possible ways of data exchange?
(i) Simplex
(ii) Half-duplex
(iii) Full-duplex. .
9. What is Protocol?
A protocol is a set of rules that govern all aspects of information communication.
10. Explain the function of Transmission Control Block.
A TCB is a complex data structure that contains a considerable amount of information about each connection.
11. What is a Management Information Base (MIB)?
A Management Information Base is part of every SNMP-managed device. Each SNMP agent has the MIB
database that contains information about the device’s status, its performance, connections, and configuration.
The MIB is queried by SNMP.
12. What is Beaconing?
The process that allows a network to self-repair networks problems. The stations on the network notify the
other stations on the ring when they are not receiving the transmissions. Beaconing is used in Token ring and
FDDI networks.
13. Define Bandwidth and Latency?
Network performance is measured in Bandwidth (throughput) and Latency (Delay). Bandwidth of a network is given by the number of bits that can be transmitted over the network in a certain period of time. Latency
corresponds to how long it t5akes a message to travel from one end off a network to the other. It is strictly
measured in terms of time.
14. Define Routing?
The process of determining systematically hoe to forward messages toward the destination nodes based on its address is called routing.
15. When a switch is said to be congested?
It is possible that a switch receives packets faster than the shared link can accommodate and stores in its
memory, for an extended period of time, then the switch will eventually run out of buffer space, and some
packets will have to be dropped and in this state is said to congested state.
16. What is semantic gap?
Defining a useful channel involves both understanding the applications requirements and recognizing the
limitations of the underlying technology. The gap between what applications expects and what the underlying
technology can provide is called semantic gap.
17. What is Multiplexing?
Multiplexing is the set of techniques that allows the simultaneous transmission of multiple signals across a
single data link.
18. What does the Mount protocol do ?
The Mount protocol returns a file handle and the name of the file system in which a requested file resides. The message is sent to the client from the server after reception of a client’s request.
19. What is a DNS resource record?
A resource record is an entry in a name server’s database. There are several types of resource records used,
including name-to-address resolution information. Resource records are maintained as ASCII files.
20. What protocol is used by DNS name servers?
DNS uses UDP for communication between servers. It is a better choice than TCP because of the improved
speed a connectionless protocol offers. Of course, transmission reliability suffers with UDP.
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In Technical Interview
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